Which phase is characterized by normal cell functions and growth?

Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle where the cell is not actively dividing but is engaged in normal cell functions, growth, and preparation for division. It is a critical period during which the cell spends the majority of its life cycle and consists of three subphases: G1, S, and G2. During G1 (the first gap phase), the cell grows and performs its regular metabolic activities. In the S phase, DNA replication occurs, ensuring that the genetic material is precisely copied for the two daughter cells. The G2 phase follows, where the cell continues to grow and prepares for mitosis.

The distinction of interphase lies in its comprehensive role in both growth and metabolic operations, making it the foundational phase for successful cell division. It represents a time of preparation and activity rather than inactivity, which sets the stage for the subsequent phases of the cell cycle. The other options don't fully represent the entirety of interphase's functions and significance in the life of a cell.