Which of the following correctly describes the role of X-diffraction in DNA research?

The role of X-diffraction, specifically X-ray diffraction, in DNA research is pivotal in determining the three-dimensional structure of DNA. It was through X-ray diffraction techniques that Rosalind Franklin produced the famous "Photo 51," providing critical evidence of DNA's helical structure. The diffraction pattern revealed by X-rays passing through a crystalline substance (in this case, DNA fibers) allowed scientists to infer the dimensions of the helix and the arrangement of the bases. This foundational work contributed to the understanding of the double helix structure proposed by Watson and Crick in 1953. The ability to visualize such structures has significantly advanced molecular biology and genetics.