What is the function of the centromere in relation to sister chromatids?

The centromere plays a crucial role in the proper segregation of sister chromatids during cell division. It is the region of the chromosome where the two sister chromatids are closely aligned and held together after DNA replication. The primary function of the centromere is to assemble the kinetochore, a protein complex that attaches to the spindle fibers during mitosis and meiosis. This attachment is essential for the movement of the chromatids to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.

The kinetochore is vital for orchestrating the separation of sister chromatids during the anaphase stage of cell division. When the spindle fibers pull on the kinetochores, the sister chromatids are separated and drawn towards opposite ends of the cell, which ultimately leads to the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells.

Other options, while related to chromosome behavior, do not accurately represent the specific function of the centromere. For instance, connecting homologous chromosomes pertains more to processes like crossing over during meiosis. Protecting the DNA ends relates to structures called telomeres, which safeguard the chromosome ends from degradation. Duplicating genetic material is a function primarily of the replication processes occurring prior to cell division and