What is an autosome?

An autosome is defined as a chromosome that is not involved in determining the sex of an organism. In humans and many other organisms, there are two types of chromosomes: autosomes and sex chromosomes. Autosomes are the chromosomes that encode various traits and characteristics that are not related to the determination of an individual's sex. In humans, there are 22 pairs of autosomes, while the 23rd pair consists of the sex chromosomes, which are responsible for determining whether an individual is male or female.

This definition specifically distinguishes autosomes from sex chromosomes, which are critical for the development of sexual characteristics. By confirming that an autosome is not involved in sex determination, the definition allows for a clearer understanding of genetic inheritance and traits that are passed down through generations across both genders.