What does the term "trans configuration" refer to in genetics?

The term "trans configuration" in genetics specifically pertains to the arrangement of alleles on homologous chromosomes. When two linked genes are described as being in trans configuration, it means that one chromosome carries one dominant allele and one recessive allele, while the homologous chromosome carries the alternative alleles—one recessive and one dominant. This configuration contrasts with the cis configuration, where both dominant or both recessive alleles would be present on the same chromosome.

Understanding this distinction is important because it affects the inheritance patterns of traits in offspring. In the case of trans configuration, the traits associated with the dominant and recessive alleles can exhibit different phenotypic expressions compared to when both dominant or both recessive alleles are together on one chromosome. This setup can have implications for genetic mapping and the outcomes of genetic crosses.

In summary, the correct understanding of trans configuration directly relates to how alleles are organized across the chromosomes and impacts genetic inheritance.