True or False: Methylation of regions in eukaryotic DNA generally enhances gene expression.

Methylation of regions in eukaryotic DNA is typically associated with the repression of gene expression. When methyl groups are added to cytosine bases in the promoter regions of genes, it generally prevents the binding of transcription factors and the assembly of the transcriptional machinery required for gene expression. This modification acts as a signal that can lead to a more compact and inaccessible chromatin state, effectively silencing the gene.

In contrast, gene expression is generally enhanced in unmethylated regions, where the DNA is more accessible for transcriptional activation. Therefore, the statement that methylation enhances gene expression is false; rather, it plays a critical role in gene silencing and regulation.